Languages and frameworks

The language that describes how a web page looks — colours, fonts, spacing, layout, animations.

The language that describes the structure of a web page — the headings, paragraphs, links, images, and layout.

The programming language that runs in every web browser. Also runs on servers via Node.js.

A framework built on top of React that handles the plumbing — routing between pages, loading data from servers, deploying to the web.

A programming language known for being readable and beginner-friendly. Heavily used in AI, data, and automation work.

A popular JavaScript framework for building the interactive part of websites — buttons, forms, anything that updates as you click.

JavaScript with extra labels that say what kind of data each variable is. Helps catch mistakes before the code runs.